During the Try step one (in accordance with the research paradigm by Vigliocco ainsi que al., 2005) we made use of a beneficial categorization task, where people had been requested to decide one or two terms from a beneficial triad, based on the earliest connection about their similarity. The prospective was to check whether or not not as much as eg requirements grammatical gender consequences would be present to own conceptual terms, labels from pet and you will inanimate stuff. Within the Try out 2, in accordance with the Implicit Relationship Shot (IAT) paradigm, players did a good semantic categorization activity below severe big date tension. Objective was to take a look at if grammatical gender is implicitly available when performing a role you to works from the lexical and you may semantic height. Inside the Analysis step 3, we checked-out the attribution regarding men and women voices in order to pet and you can inanimate objects, displayed both given that words otherwise photo, to help you be sure whether or not the influence of grammatical gender happens beyond the lexical and semantic levels and you can towards the artwork representations, and you can individually researching the effects having verbal and you may graphic stimuli.
We assumed the gotten efficiency enable us to sample the newest presumptions of one’s sex and you may gender hypothesis additionally the similarity and you may gender theory in the context of the brand new Polish code
Based on the sex and you can gender theory, grammatical gender effects are expected is stronger from inside the dialects that have a top feel involving the grammatical gender of nouns while the physical sex of the referents. Inside Shine, it feel is bound by the undeniable fact that you’ll find about three genders on only one means (masculine, women, neutral) and two genders from the plural function (masculine-individual and you can non-masculine-personal), having slightly an elaborate relation to the one competitors. Grammatical gender out of nouns may differ between its only one and you can plural models – the non-masculine-private plural function border all the one means nouns except for male nouns dealing with some one. Eg, ‘ten pies’ (your pet dog) that’s masculine in the just one mode, gets ‘te psy’ (dogs), which is low-masculine-private into the plural, but ‘ten kowal’ (a blacksmith, male only 1) becomes ‘ci kowale’ (blacksmiths, masculine-personal plural). The strict kind of the brand new sex and you may gender theory would ergo anticipate insufficient grammatical gender outcomes inside Polish, maybe not instead of of a lot composed degree german born. A shorter limited kind of the sex and gender theory carry out predict around is grammatical gender outcomes just for nouns referring to pets and individuals – having a physical sex. On around three experiments demonstrated contained in this paper, i included nouns making reference to pet (Test 1 and you can 3), inanimate items (the tests) and you may abstract info (Experiment 1).
An alternative basis highly relevant to the newest sex and you may gender/similarity and gender hypotheses is that the Shine vocabulary uses a beneficial wide variety of gender matical gender connected to of many parts of speech, not just to nouns. Grammatical gender must be thought while using verbs, numerals, adjectives, pronouns, an such like. Additionally the similarity and gender hypothesis create assume one to grammatical gender consequences show up in every the new showed experiments, playing with each other animate and you may inanimate nouns.
Observing grammatical gender consequences for nouns writing about stuff which do n’t have a physiological sex would offer good help towards similarity and you may gender hypothesis
The new presented look along with will test a few way more certain research issues. Check out 2 uses a changed implicit relationship take to to analyze if how to find hot Worcester, MA women grammatical gender effects in Polish are present toward lexicosemantic level, and not only into conceptual level. Try step 3 uses a technique that involves attributing male/female voices so you’re able to stuff inside a moving motion picture) to check on if or not grammatical gender consequences exists to your an abstract peak. If in case referring to lexicosemantic and you may abstract levels of operating, we use the distinction as with Vigliocco ainsi que al. (2005, p. 510): this new lexicosemantic top represents the fresh significance out of terms and conditions in addition to their linguistic operating (fitting into the categories, retrieving and making use of lexical advice, etcetera.) without the need to would rational representations of the words’ referents. However, the fresh new abstract height is dependant on the newest intellectual representations of your own referents as well as their services, that’s low-linguistic in the wild. Having fun with language versus discussing mental representations out-of items is exactly lexicosemantic, whenever you are handling rational representations without using language is precisely conceptual.
